Oil burner



Patented Nov. 25, 1941 UNITED L STATES PATENT oFFicE on. BURNER f HowardL. Stolper, Burbank, and Henry H. More- 'ton, Laguna Beach, Calif.

Application August -27, 1931, seriaiNo. 161,320

, 2 Claims.

oil into a spray, by atomization prior to mixing the same with air orother gas. A further object is to provide means for insuring positiveand even feed of the hydrocarbon liquid to a spraying nozzle. A furtherobject isfto provide means for eliminating what is known as theblackspot in in the flame of a burner. A further object is to provide amechanism that will atomize oil or other liquids and mix the atomizedliquid with air or other gases in such manner as to derive the highestefiiciency in the consumption of the mixture.

The invention will be hereinafter fully set forth and particularlypointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawing:

Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section illustrating a burnerconstructed in accordance with the invention.- .Figure 2 is an enlargedend view ofthe pump mechanism. Figures 3 and 4 are detail viewsillustrating the spray nozzle.

Referring to the drawing, I0 designates an electric motor of anypreferred construction, supported upon a suitable base and provided withthe usual armature shaft II. g

Mounted on the shaft II so as to rotate therewith, is thedriving-gear-impeller member I3 of a gear pump P, said gear impellermember being mounted within a suitable pump casing located adjacent tothe motor. The gear impeller meml ber I3 meshes with a smallerdriven-gear-impeller member I4 withinl the pump.casing, and the latteris provided with an inlet port I5 and an outlet port I6. The inletopening I5 is connected with a source of fuel supply (not shown) by aconduit |55.

The pump gear impeller member Ill is mounted upon a tubular shaft I1 insuch manner as to rotate therewith, and so that the shaft I'I may bedriven by the said member i4. Said tubular shaft I1 is rotatably mountedin bearing I8 formed on the pump casing and a bearing I9 resting uponthe base 20 which also supports the pump casing. It will be noted thatthe gear-impeller members I3 and I4 are of different diameters, so as toincrease the number of rotations of the smaller gear impeller member,although the peripheral speed of the two gears will remain the same,whereby the pumping func-tions are in no way impaired. i

It will be noted that the shaft I'I is provided with alongitudinal bore25, and that the rear end of said shaft, i. e. thesleft end asillustrated in Figure l, is enclosed by a casing 22, removably securedto the pump casing, and provided with an oil inlet opening 23, which isconnected with the outlet opening IB of the pump by means of a conduitIlia. The rear end of the shaft I1 extends into thel chamber 22 in suchmanner that fuel oil forced by the pump through the conduit llia willenter and flow through the chamber 22, and into the rear end of the bore25. The fuel intake pipe I5n is connected by means of a bypass conduit24 with the chamber 22, so that any excess fuel oil will circulatethrough the chamber 22 and back to the fuel inlet pipe |511.

The motor I0 is connected with asuitable 'source of electrical energy(not shown) in any well known manner, and its operation controlled bysuitable rheostats which Vit is deemed unnecessary to'illustrate.Located above the motor is a transformer T,. whichl isconnected bysuitable electrical leads 26, with oneor more electrical ignitiondevices 21, which extend into the combustion chamber C.

The shaft Il is provided with an` axial exten,- sion Ila, the outer freeend of which is located within the'combustion chamber C, at a positionadjacent to the ignition devices 2'I.l The outer free end of the conduitextension is covered by a closure member secured thereto insuitablemanner, said closure member, having a wall which extends acrossthe open end of the conduit. Said wall is provided with a minutedischarge orice which is radially spaced from the normal axial center ofthe bore 25, and located at such a position that; a gyratory movementwill be imparted to the liquid discharged through the orifice dur ingrotation of the conduit, said gyratory effect being obtained by reasonof `the orbital travel of the orifice around said axial center.

Mounted upon the shaft I1 by means of a suitable hub 30 is a fan 30,which is located within a blower casing 3l, and provided with van'es 32arranged parallel with the axis ofthe shaft I1,

but of concave-convex form and so arranged as to draw atmospheric airthrough the inlet openl ing 33 and to propel it through the air supplycasing 3|. The diameter of the blower 32 is greater than the diameter ofthe driven. gear I4,

' and therefore the peripheral speed of the fan will be correspondinglygreater than the peripheral speed of the gears, wherby air is suppliedfrom the blower to the mixing` means faster than the hydrocarbon liquidis supplied to said mixingv means, so that the desired proportions ofair and hydrocarbon are maintained. Said casing is provided with achannel of annular cross section and increasing diameter, produced by aconically' shaped interior wall 34. The air is directed through a pipe35 into the mixing chamber M, said .pipe being of smaller diameter thansaid mixing chamber so Vas to provide a surrounding annular space 3B,through which additional atmospheric air may enter said chamber. ThemixingA chamber M discharges into a combustion chamber C, which is linedin suitable manner.

The heat produced by the combustion maybe utilized in any desiredmanner. In operation, the motor I0 causes a rotation of the shaft andits extension |18, and with it a concurrent rotation of thegear-impellei; member I4.- As the pump P operates the oil or otherliquid is delivered to thechamber 22, and from thence is forced intovthe rear open end of the bore 25.

The structure of the pump is such that a uniform pressure is maintainedupon the oil as it flows through the bore and is discharged through theopening in the nozzle 28. The arrangement of the gears I3 and I4 is suchas to increase the number of revolutions per minute of shaft I1 ascompared to those of shaft Il. The high speed rotation of the shaft I1and its extension-l1",

together with the offset position of the discharge opening 29 of thenozzle 28 serves to scatter the atomzed liquid by. a gyratory motion.Simul which does not fan out, and mixing of the fuel accessi fuel streamis prevented. The arrangement also is-such that the walls of the rechamber become and remain red hot, and the reflected heat produces amore combustible mixture than would be possible if the vapor is allowedto impinge on the sides of the fire chamber. If desired, the operationmay be controlled in a well known manner through the medium ofthermostatic devices which are so well known in the art thatillustration thereof is deemed unnecessary. An important advantage isthat the ratio of the gears of the pump may bev so designed as tc imparta desired speed of rotation to the blower so as to adequately supply thevolume of air rewith the air driven through the mixing chamber is muchmore complete and effective than is possible by means of a fixed nozzle.In other words, although the orifice of the nozzle is in anapproximately fixedl position, the discharge therefrom is of a gyratorynature. Thus, it is possible to produce a flame of extreme length but ofsmall diameter. Obviously, the distance and direction off-center of theorifice and the longitudinal bore, are important factors .in controllingthe outside diameter of the ame.

An important advantage `of the invention is that in operation there isno impinging of raw vapor on the sides of the fire chamber, so thatformation of carbon through the chilling of. the

quired for perfect combustion.

Having thus explained the nature of the inventionand described anoperative manner of constructing and using the same, although withoutattempting to set forth all of the forms in which it may be made, or allof the forms of its use, what is claimed is:

1. An oil burner comprising a rotatively mounted tubular shaft having areceiving end and a delivery end, a discharge nozzle on said deliveryend, a gear pump having two intermeshing gear-impeller members ofdifferent diame'- ters, the gear-impeller member of smaller diameterbeing secured to said shaft, a supply pipe connecting the delivery sideof said pump to the receiving end of said shaft, power means operating`independently of the tubular shaft for rotating the largerdriving-gear-impeller member, whereby oil is fed to the tubular shaftsimultaneously with the rotation of the latter, and a fan secured to androtatable with said shaft at a position' between the pump and thenozzle. g

2. An oil burner comprising a rotatively mounted tubular shaft having areceiving end and a delivery end, a nozzle on said delivery end having asingle discharge orifice spaced radially with respect to the axis of theshaft, a gear .pump

operative` independently of the tubular shaft for rotating the largergear-lmpeller member, whereby oilis fed to the tubular shaftsimultaneously with the rotation of the latter, and a fan secured to androtatable with said shaft at a position .between'the pump and thenozzle.

HOWARD-L. ss'roLPrzi-t. HENRY '11. MoRE'roN.

